Frozen-food package



G. cusAcK FROZEN FOOD PACKAGE Aug. 19261 F1155 5 August s, 1925 lvwantofa .Ge my@ 6. Cima/fd SIRH/wma' :Iranian: nl

GERGE C'. lUSlCK, 0F "WESTIJEXV YORK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNR T0 DRYICE COR-Il-QRATXDN 0F AMERICA, A COEE'PORATIN OF DELAWARE FROZEN-Fool) RemmenApplication lled August lvly present invention involves e specialepplioetioh of some of 'the general prmciples eee *forth in peten eoSleteNo. 1ML

306, granted czoher 14o-9 1924, with referenoe to the use of frozencarbon dioxide, per-- ioulerly ih. the form olf ee made either bydir-eels freezing of the `llioidd. carbon dioxide or by highlycompressing carbon dioxide show.

les 'explained in dioxide lee ie much heavier than wete!- end hee every" low melting point,` something like Ill/lowllll below zeroFollrenheib. 'lllhen n'xelied el; pressures meer elzmospheric, iteuhlhiees direclglf lo e gee \.w/'i\l1(iulv :my i'oeermedielze liquidseele Hence, there is no liquid to We@v thil gee heilig eehydii im o iso llw; will diepleeeeir and, if the miller nel: loo leely, elude it.Such lie-Wya l'ieiehi heet inseleltlir, my present invention, such. geelxey he nre- M'" lied upon lo .iforteish moet of the ineulelyijom Underproper conditions, hhieihsuleing eflec, plus the i'e'hfigereiing elleot.due to lil-- tent heet eheorhed in sohlmeting and sensi hie heel;ehsorotion. hy `the resulting ,gigas in lll me, tends lo dry up mois-,lllloremfen ehe ges ieferlleeifier then COU` will completely dry 5ms ise; very of* and l' i warming up from euch e, low tempereizore, combineto melze e volume of oei-hon dioxide ice, six to een times elle Volumeof Water ioe.`

.All .of the above iglleliiies, adapt the carbon. dioxide ice. for theepeeifio purpose. ol' my present invenion, which per loelerly eohcernsdielgrihel'ing methods end ineens for ehe retail ice ereem tredegparticu lei-ly small quantity over-thel-leoueter" trede. At present,this trade is greet .ilied heee-i e when the ice ereem i. of ed in theordinal "peper loontoinors, .it moet go ellrrxos; dire from the Selleriothe liable of the meer il wie lo he eaten While io. anything lilre liedesired 'frozen eonditoo-` l ein e ere the@ einem glie here to lesseel-his diliieulty particularly heen mede m e Wefeivtight peil of verymuch larger size edm also aware that frozen eahon `dioxide i arrangementthere seid patent, the earhoo te het, on the eohtrerys the i eseffective ee y peeking `loe ice ereem :n ooi-:miners of' waterproofpeper, 1n

lieu of the metal eens eomnflololyemployed` continuously supplie-endllllieg elle nterspeoe 4 with theesoel 8, 1925. Serial No. 43,964.

crooked ice and seit whereby the pail speedi-` ly fills with salem-'olerup to the level of the overflow ppe,' `through `*which the "water`:spille `wherever `the peil heppenstohe. I

6U has heen proposed es tlle refrigerant inone of the manyarrangementseontemplated by, the above speeilled Slate patent, but inthis is en inner `inselating contfiinerfor frozen `carbon` dioxde,`around whieh oontnler, `theioe cream, food or` other perishable products`ere. "peohedieo `heel: een

`reach the frozen carbon dioxide only loy passing through `theproduetsto he refifigeri ated end then through the Walle ofthe innerContainern i i i i i llily presehe niprovement, While utilizing i innerand outer containers with solldoarbon `dioxide es a` refrigerant, iembodies a `priloeiple` that `speci'oellynew es applied `to intenselyeold ges producing refrigerante. ltlizivol ves xelevagenee `in the useol frozen 1` carbon dioxide to produce sufficient of the carbon dioxideges for combinedinsulat` `ing' and ifefiejei'eting purposeeend pelticulorly lo afford e gas substitute for they solid insulation. `Thisnovel ideal applyv to the practical commercial "purpose of success-`fully utilizing containers `of light, cheap maf i l ferial, so rhin tohe of reletvelysolell in- B5 euliiftiog value, hut adapted -toleleotively" 1 utilize 4.the carbon dioxide-gases insulation` i i allymy invel'iton, l refrigerate end also insulate the frozen ice cream bysurrounding i the `ice cream eontalher with dry Gold oer` 90S*A hohdioxide gas, eo'hfsnuouslyieuippled evaporation from the Gerbendioxidewico, which leiter: is enclosed in the samefwrepper with theleeereen'i eoretainer.,` het in" exposed relation to the exerlor, eo thatif; isdireotly accessible izo" heel, :from the exlzerionend ispreferably"moire e posedl to said gezderolfr` heet than ir' `l jeecream, l find ithzic` `the 'Carbon very' eeetively izleolated .fromtheexherior;` 100 nor fron'ithe-ice cream eonbeiiiemendthat the;`wrapper V need `not g ellord mech :ineuletitm` nor needv il: he Very tiht io orderto hold `the gae',` fill the wrelzpp-ez',` exclude' `air andafford dry instilet on`,ff rom the heat, sullicientlytriserve:eheftrensitory commercial porpoees;v of `overthe?Coulolfger'`tredein icecream.` `The latenti; heet i absorption i by euolimationpof.file oalzboeididioxide ieedoee notgheve to he d defi sible heatabsorption bythe cold gas, will take care of the heat that penetratesfrom the outside even though the wrapper be quite 1 thin. The icecreambeing but slightly insulated from the carbon dioxide by the innercontainer, tends to over-freeze the ice cream and may do so to such anextent that 'it will be entirely too hard for eating pur- '.poses, but,Ifind that by using standard construction and sizes of containers, acycle of overfreezing and warming back to standard may be predeterminedfor a desired period by proper selection of the amount of melted whilethecore remained over-frozen.

In practice, no very careful designing is necessary to avoid thistrouble.

From the above, it will be evident that my invention makes it possibleto refrigerate for a predetermined period according to a te-mperaturecurve beginning at or preferably below the desired temperature of thefrozen ice cream, decreasing to a minimum and 'then rising again to neara normal ice cream temperature, near the end of theA p redeterminedperiod.

In the particular form shown herein, the paper container for the icecream has relatively non-absorbent surfaces and is gas tight, as againstordinary pressures, while the exterior wrapper is a larger container ofsimilar construction, except for a vent .which permits relief ofinternal pressure by outflow of airand excess gasfrom the interior.Preferably, the vvent is in the top of .the outer container orwrapper'so that the air will be displaced and forced out before theexcess gas begins to cape. Preferably, also, the inner ice creamcontainer is supported 'in such a way that a substantial layer of thecold dry insulating gas from the ice, may envelope and flow freelyaround and in bathing contact with it.

In most cases, however, economy of carbon dioxide ice. is not importantand more rapid evaporation, producing increased volumes of refrigerantgas, may be had by putting the vent in the' bottom instead of the top,yor. turning thecontainer upside down so that the ice will be in theupper or warmest part thereof, or by both locating the vent in thebottom and the ice in .the top. Even a leaky 4paper bag may be asuicient wrapper for keeping the exterior of theice cream containersurrounded and protected by the cold carbon dioxide gos, for an hour orso in the open air, or for a longer time in an ordinary householdrefrigerator; and any of the usual paper containers may be used for theice cream.

The above and other features of my in-A vention will be more readilyunderstood from the following description in connection with theaccompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical axial sectionshowing one form of a refrigerated ice cream poele' age embodying myinvention; and

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2-2, Fig. 1.

In these drawings the inner container I for the ice cream 2 and theouter container 3 in which the ice cream container is enclosed with thecarbon dioxide ice 4, are of similar construction, substantialiy thesame as certain well known types of paper containers now used forlemonade, orangeade, ice cream, etc. These containers have paper bottoms5 flanged as at 6 and secured to the cylindrical body of the containerby an inturned annular portion. 7 of the latter, compressed andinterengfaged to form a water-tight joint by pressure devices operatingto form a locking bend at S. The bottom 5 and flange 6 are usually ofmore pliable pasteboard facilitating the formation of such a joint and afalse bottom 9 of stilier pasteboard having a moisture proof surface .isfitted in over the bottom 5.

The inner and outer containers have covers 'l1 and 12 respectively, ofsubstantially the same construction as the bottoms just described, thecylindrical flanges 13 and 14 respectively tting the respective bodyportions 1 and 3 closely, so as to form an easily slidable butpractically water-tight and gas-tight joint therewith.

Outer container 3 is enough larger than ice cream container l so thatample room is left to enclose along with the ice cream container, thefrozen carbon dioxide 4. While this may be in fragmentary form or evenin loose snow form, it is highly dcsirable to have it a single cake ofdense ice, because in the latter form it will be much slower melting.

Preferably, the space for the ice is provided by making the container 1shorter than the container 3 because in. this way the ice space may hemade to have relatively large volume as compared with the area of theenclosing'surfaces through which heat can be transmitted for melting1the ice. It will be evident, however, that the ice cream container mightbe midway, so as to leave spaces at each end, each containing a cake .ofthe carbon dioxideice, or the outer container might be longer so thatthe cake ot lll hlt

- vet Htl titl

containers. i l i y lnv the preferred construction, the inner' containeris enou h smaller than the outer one to permit tilting in the interspecenrylindricnl sheet ol corrugnted paper-hoard comprising the corrugatedportion 15 se-` cured to the bucking `liti in the 'Well known ninnner.Preferably, `the corrufrutions are vertical, thereby iillording nmultiplicity ot hues 17, which are filled with en` insulating' loyer elthe cold dry `gres alt/er the air has been displneeol und driven out of`the cone tniner. Thereafter, there Willhe n steady llore nl the nsoutward through these lines us long un til end continues melting.

It the outer container is lenky, escape ot the nir and excess ges willtake cereiof itself,

hut in the approximately air-tight contain.

ers shown herein it is necessary to `here a vent 19 to `relieve theInternal pressure. which would otherwiseblowv the cover oil' the con#`tniner. This vent may be u. innere pinhole Ansv stated shove, such nvent is preferably invented in the top `et the container, because thisinsures mnnimum gas insulation with minimum `eve oretionret-e tor thesolid carhon dioxide, ut 1t 1s to he noted thut such nrrengemcnt is onlya preference, und where the qunntity nl the ice,\or its rate ot evaporation is insudicient tomnintain e suiliciently lou tempernture in e given`constructicm of contniner, n y higher evaporation rete und grenterevolution of refrigerant 'ges will result i nrlflerethe` vent is in thebottoni, `or the onrhondienicle in the'top, or both.` Preferebl ,the iceis prevented from con tuoi', "Witlrfty `e hottom tl ot the`Olltilkc,Cliff" telnetby e circuler disc ot corrugated peper hoard 25,26, loosely htted 'Within the cyling dricul corrugated. liningr l5. i i

A similer corrugated disc 36. 37, is ar ticulnrly desirable et the topsince it c osos in n. narrow gus space shove the top of the* ice creuineontuineriprotecting the ice cream l y y n from the heet of eny nir thatmay enteri ment of n iy lnventionisthe cooling er per through lll whileeilording free outlet chenlimi freezing 01' 30minmi f'f'flllll @mit nelsfor flou' ofescepinp; gas to the vent 19.

ln some enses, as for instance where butter iss-old in the container, itmay he desirable also to have a pasteboerd disces 46, with or Withoutcorringfntion;J to close in the cavity below the hott/om 5' of theinner' container und to prevent direct contact of the ice with saidbottom.

It' will he observed that inl the complete device inlits preferred form,the carbon dioxide ice is insulated trom the ice crezun hy the ice creamcontainer end by the surround ing envelope ont cold dry gus und thnt itis insulated trono the entcriorchy the walls or",`

"1,595,385 i lill ireely sliduble `Within the corruligutetl j e carbondioxide ice holds outcorn y only known as Water ieee.

the ci ntamer 1 es disclosed `herein Ais prim `peuter materiel,portieulnrly the eorrn,ntied `pestebonrrl, is `ezrihle in yielding :sindilrely to take more or less irregular lornin, und

these cannot Well he 'indicuted inthe dren ings. y lt will he evident,however, Whereas the vertical corrugutionn lll shown es fitted onlyegeinst the lli-.uitge oflthe inner cover, in pructice the lit r besuchn looseone that the cover linnen envelope, or the iitrmey he n `turht `nthat the corrugntions util grip both the eenMw tuiner body l and itscover llunge lln It will be obvious that for ronny purple the outecontainer or Wrepperfinig it con t rnerely of the corrugated pnsteboerdtuent `here held together in any snitnhle 'wey ne hy tying them up inordinary vvrnp iinyr ieper.' It 4will be recognized thut w ile the inmsnleton afforded bythe inner eontniner of some importance,` it is usefultor therethtirely different practical purpose ol lreepinyy thecarbondioride ice from impartinfr uit undesirable flavor to' the icecretini, einen is lilrely to result from trnces otb oil enel otherimpurities that `are apt to he tonnel in the `carbon dioxide ice`products thnt nre 'non' commercially nvnileble. There is, et course,the other purpose of a safety device, prennentn `ing `outdoivol the icccrenm in cese throu rhfltti nccident or oversight it becomes rneltetl,hut

if und when perfectly pure cnrhon dio itin `ice becomes available, it`will he poenihle te eneloseit directly in the seme contitinerthnt holdsthe yice cream, all ol the insulntiun lille i lll@ mgincorporetecl inthe Wells ol `this onelccn teurer;` y y Theneme tice cream, tis usedherein le usedrine brood `eense "and is intended tu elucle"`fronenpnddings und` the fordlihnr frozen lemonedes, orongeades, etc., 'increMoreover,

marily designed for drinks such es lernen` nde, ange Juice, gro ejuice,etc. und einer llo pupo tant use fort 1s pitrticnlnr ernbodl .cocktailoi liquor trap is lrteilitnted nur "im shaking may be utilize to hustenthe proc-- ess since the ras producing refrigerant not mined with liquorund the liquor centulner does not have to be constructed tor trill'lstanding or 'ventingr ,uns pressures, ne in the -case'where carbondioxide ice or snort hun been directly applied to the liquid.ifi/initie@ the liquid container of metal is n coilt'enience rnther thann necessity even Jfor these sneentl purposes, inn

I claim: l. A dry vending package for ice cream, including frozen icecream and a quantity of frozen carbon dioxide to absorb heat andv toadord dry, cold "gas for insulating the same, said ice cream beingenclosed in a paper container that is practically moisture proof and hasa practically gas tight cover; an enclosing container and cover that issimilar but has a vent and is of slightly greater diameter andsubstantially greater length, said enclosing container having said icecream container occupying one portion of its length and the frozencarbon dioxide another portion of its length.

2. A dry vending package for ice cream, including frozen ice cream and aquantity of frozen carbon dioxide to absorb heat and to afford dry, coldgas for insulating the same, said ice cream being enclosed in a papercontainer that is practically moisture proof and has a practically gastight cover; an enclosing container and coverthat is similar'but has avent in one end and is of slightly greater diameter and substantiallygreater length, said enclosing container having said ice cream containerin its vented end and the frozen carbon dioxide in its unvented end, andpaper insulation in the interspace between the two containers spacingthem apart and affording lues for escape of gas from the carbon dioxideice to the exterior atmosphere.

3. A dry vending package for ice cream, including frozen ice cream and aquantity of frozen carbon dioxide to absorb heat and to afford dry, coldgas for insulating the same, said ice cream being enclosed in a papercontainer that is practically moisture proof and has a'practically gastight cover; an enclosing container and cover-` that is similar but hasa vent in one end ands is of slightly great-- er diameter andsubstantially greater length, said enclosing container having said icecream container in its upper portion and the frozen carbon dioxide inits lower portion, with a paper insulating member between them andcorrugated paper insulation in the interspace between the two containersspacing them apart and affording ues for escape ofgas from the carbondioxide ice to the exterior atmosphere.

4. A dry vending package, comprising a paper container containing frozenice cream, and an outer paper wrapper containing frozen carbon dioxidefor the formation of carbon dioxide gas, said wrapper having a vent forpermitting escape of any air present and of said carbon dioxide gas.

5. A dry vending package, comprising a substantially gas tight papercontainer containing frozen ice cream, and an outer paper wrapper lcontaining frozen carbon dioxide for the formation' of carbon dioxidegas, said wrapper having a vent for permitting escape of any air presentand of said carbon dioxide gas.

6. A dry vending package, comprising a practically Water tight papercontainer containing frozen ice cream, and an outer paper Awrappercontaining frozen carbon dioxide for the Vformation of carbon dioxidegas, said wrapper having a vent for permitting escape of any air presentand of said carbon dioxide gas.

7. A package including a cold product and a quantity of frozen carbondioxide to refrigerate and to afford dry cold gas for insulating thesame, said product being enclosed in and separated from said gas by awater tight paper container, a similar container of slightly greaterdiameter but substantially greater length, enclosing said productcontainer in the upper portion thereof and said frozen carbon dioxide inthe lower portion thereof.

8. A package including a cold product and a quantity'of frozen carbondioxide to refrigerate and to afford dry cold gas `for insulating thesame, said product being enclosed in and separated from said gas by awater tight pa er container, a similar container of slight y greaterdiameter but substantially greater length, enclosing said productcontainer in the upper portion thereof and said frozen carbon dioxide inthe lower portion thereof and corrugated insulation in the interspacebetween the two containers, spacing them apart and affording filles forupward escape of gas through a vent above the level of said productcontainer.

9. A package including a cold product and a quantity of frozen carbondioxide to refrigerate and to afford dry cold gas for insulating thesame, said product being enclosed in and separated from said gas by awater tight paper container, a similar container with a removable ventedcover, adapted to enclose said product containep and said carbon dioxideice.

10. A package comprising a quantity of ice cream or the like in apractically water tight paper container and another paper container oflarger size enclosing said ice cream container with a desired amount etanhydrous refrigerant adapted, upon absorption of latent heat, to evolveinsulating refrigerant-gas to prevent melting olf said ice cream, saidouter container affording outlet for air and excess gas mainly abovesaid ice cream.

l1. A package comprising a quantity of ice cream or the like in a)ractically water tight paper container an another paper container oflarger size enclosing said icc cream container with a desired amount ofanhydrous refrigerant adapted, upon absorption of latent heat, to evolveinsulating refrigerant gas to prevent melting of said ice cream, andlinsulating packing affording air spaces for `circulation of the the icecream container. y 12. A package comprising `a quantity of ice cream orthe like in a practically Water tight paper container andianother papercontainer of larger size enclosing said icc cream container `with adesired amount of anhydrous refrigerant adapted, upon absorption oflatent heat, to evolve insulating refrigerant gas to prevent melting ot'said ice creannsaid outer container affording outlet for air and excessgas mainly above said ice cream and insulating packing alfording airspaces for circulation of the gas about the ice cream container.

13. A package comprising a cold or frozen product in a practically watertight, `nonmetallic container, desiredquantity of carbon dioxide ice,the whole encased by (another similar container of` larger `.diameter`length anda corrugated non-metallic lining between said containersaliording airspaces gas about the congas about for circulation of thetainerof said cold product. y

14. A dryvending package `for cold `food or drink'products, including aquantity of said product and a 'cake of carbon `dioxide ice torefrigerate andV to` allor-d dry cold gas for insulating thcgsainc,cncosed" a non-metallic container thatis practically gastight and whichis in turn enclosedlwith said ice cake ina similar con taincr t having anon-metallic water tight slip cover and a vent to.atmosphere.`

15. A dry vending package for cold food or drink products, including aquantity of said product and a caire of carbon dioxide ice torefrigerate and to ali'ord dry cold ras for insulating the same, saidproduct being enclosed in a non-metallic container that is practicallygas tight and which is in turn i in operative realtion to a1 andsubstantially greater .said productbng enclosed with said ice cake in asimilar container having a non-metallic Water tight slip cover and avent to atmosphere; and a lining in` the 'interspace between the twocontainers 'spacing them apart and affording., l

against conduction of heat from the exterior and in said container withthe `frozen product, a body of frozen carbon dioxide arranged so as `tobe exposed to said exterior heat at least as much as is said'product. i17. A dry package of frozen product, includingia quantity of saidproduct in frozen condition and a. quantity of frozen carbon dioxidetoabsorb heat and afford dry, cold gas for insulating the same, bothenclosed in a gas retaining container having relatively thin Walls ofinsulating material and having a. leakage outlet for escape of air andof carbon dioxide gas; the frozen carbon dioxide occupying container andthe frozen product occupying another f idortion -of the length of thecontainer and said product .being in freezing proximity to said` frozencarbon dioxide but separated therefrom by ractically moistureproofinneriwalls, said) inner Walls being Within but spaced apart from theexterior walls so as to afford insulating interspaces between the outerand inner walls accessible for and illedby the dry, cold gas evaporatingfrom the `frozen carbon dioxide.

Signed at New `York in the county of New York, and State of New York,this 7th day of August, A. D. 1925. l

GEORGE c. generiert.`

a portion of the lengtl1- of the.

